Chinese Mitten Crab Collected from the Patapsco River
ANNAPOLIS — The Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR) recently announced
that a mature male Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir
sinensis) may have a negative ecological impact on
the Chesapeake. The species, native to East Asia, was collected at the mouth of the Patapsco River by a commercial waterman fishing crab pots.
The Chinese mitten crab can live in both freshwater
and saltwater. It is catadromous, meaning it
migrates from freshwater rivers and tributaries to reproduce in salt
water. Young crabs spend 2-5 years in freshwater tributaries and can
extend over 50 miles inland, potentially above dams and waterfalls. The
Chinese mitten crab is listed under the Federal Lacey Act, which makes it
illegal in the United States to import, export, or conduct interstate commerce of
this species without a permit.
“This is the first confirmed recorded case for the Chesapeake Bay,” said Lynn Fegley, a
fisheries biologist with DNR. “Only a single animal has been captured in
the Chesapeake Bay, and at this point it appears to be an isolated
occurrence. As with all invasive species, DNR and its partners are
carefully monitoring the situation.”
There are several possible transfer mechanisms that
could result in the delivery of a crab to local waters, without the species
becoming established. However, due to the documented ability of this
species to invade and establish itself in new areas, DNR, the Smithsonian
Environmental Research Center (SERC), and USFWS have established a joint effort
to investigate the status of this species.
“This is the most recent non-native species to arrive
to the Chesapeake,” said Dr. Gregory Ruiz, a marine invasive species
specialist with the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. “Our research documents over 150 non-native
species that are now established in tidal waters of the bay,
and the rate of invasions appears to have increased in the past few decades due
to human-mediated transfer. Detection of the mitten crab contributes to
understanding of this broader invasion pattern and how these species are
moved.”
An alert has been circulated to federal, state,
county, municipal and private agencies as well as organizations that are
conducting sampling programs in the Chesapeake watershed and potential mitten crab habitat. DNR is
also networking with commercial watermen, fish passage monitoring programs, and
power companies that monitor species captured on cooling water intake screens
to keep a watch for this species.
“I would urge anyone who many come in contact with one
to keep the crab, take a photo of it, note the location of discovery, and
contact me at 410-260-8285,” added Fegley.
The collected mitten crab is currently located at SERC
and is being studied to potentially identify its source. The crab will be
preserved at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History, where it will be catalogued and entered into the permanent
national collection.
For more information on the mitten crab as well as to
access links to other websites, visit http://www.dnr.maryland.gov/dnrnews/infocus/mitten_crab.asp
or
http://www.serc.si.edu/labs/marine_invasions/news/mitten_crab.jsp
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